A Study on the Verbs of “ Liye bamboo slips in Qin Dynasty(one)”

本論文以「《里耶秦簡(壹)》動詞研究」為名，主要針對湖南省文物考古研究所編著之《里耶秦簡(壹)》所收錄的語言材料來進行研究。研究範圍限定在《里耶秦簡(壹)》中的動詞，必須先對其中的語言材料有通盤的認知，而陳偉主編《里耶秦簡牘校釋(第一卷)》在《里耶秦簡(壹)》所公布的簡牘圖版與釋文上，校訂原釋文，校釋部分成為相關研究者理解簡文的最佳管道，故本論文撰寫時依照此書為基礎，並且著重在動詞的使用及特色。其後將《里耶秦簡(壹)》的動詞語言材料以單音節及複音節兩類的區分，再對資料逐一進行深入研究。本文試著藉由以上的步驟與方式來對《里耶秦簡(壹)》的動詞作極盡的了解。 本論文主要分為六章，其內容簡述如下： 首先是第一章為緒論，主要著重在歷來動詞研究領域中前賢對動詞研究的分類方式及依據標準並提出本論文挑選動詞的依據以及對《里耶秦簡(壹)》的區分方式。 第二章為屬於《里耶秦簡(壹)》單音動詞彙釋，單音動詞為《里耶秦簡(壹)》動詞中數量最多的一類，由於顧及各類動詞的相對數量以及章節篇幅，將單音動詞區分為行為動詞和非行為動詞同一層級的兩大類，分屬兩章，本章關注的對象為行為動詞，將以彙釋的方式逐一探討呈現。 第三章為接續前一章對單音動詞的彙釋。本章主要是針對《里耶秦簡(壹)》單音動詞中非行為動詞類者彙釋探討，其中涉及到趨止動詞、情感動詞、狀態動詞、存現動詞、能願動詞、類同動詞等六類，每一類會以相關動詞列舉敘述。 第四章為《里耶秦簡(壹)》複音動詞的類別。此章關注對《里耶秦簡(壹)》中的複音動詞，依其詞義的複合關係，從變義複音動詞、同義複音動詞、偏義複音動詞以及反義複音動詞四類，選取相關動詞進行討論。 第五章是從詞量與詞頻角度對《里耶秦簡(壹)》中的單音動詞進行探究。從詞量與詞頻的統計著手，並關注高頻、中頻、低頻三個不同詞頻頻區所呈現的面貌。 最後第六章為結論。總結筆者針對《里耶秦簡(壹)》動詞的研究成果，同時也對未來研究的方向提出展望。The dissertation,““A Study on the Verbs of “ Liye bamboo slips in Qin Dynasty(one)””, focuses on the language material of “ Liye bamboo slips in Qin Dynasty(one)”of the Hunan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology edition. This research is restricted to the verbs of “ Liye bamboo slips in Qin Dynasty(one)”, and the researchers are required to have the comprehensive understanding of the material, “ Liye bamboo slips in Qin Dynasty(one)”. The best access to understand bamboo slips words is through the new annotation of Liye Qin jiandu jiaoshi (di yi juan) edited by Chen Wei. The new annotation is the revision of bamboo slips images and original annotation both released in “ Liye bamboo slips in Qin Dynasty(one)”. Based on Liye Qin jiandu jiaoshi (di yi juan), the dissertation discusses the usage and feature of verbs, and classify the verbs of “ Liye bamboo slips in Qin Dynasty(one)”into two groups: One-syllable and Two-syllables to know the performance of verbs in “ Liye bamboo slips in Qin Dynasty(one)”. There are six chapters in the dissertation. Chapter I is Introduction of dissertation. The introduction is to describe the classification of former researches and their standards for verbs research. On this basis, the dissertation here poses the methods of verbs selection and classification. One-syllable verbs is by far the most numbers in “ Liye bamboo slips in Qin Dynasty(one)”. Considering the numbers of different verbs and length of chapter, the writer classifies One-syllable verbs into two groups: Action verb and Non-action verb. Both verbs are at the same position of verb hierarchy. Action verb and Non-action verb are presented in chapter II and chapter III respectively. Chapter II is dedicated to presenting Action verb. Further to Chapter II, Chapter III is to present Non-action verb in “ Liye bamboo slips in Qin Dynasty(one)”. Here involves six categories in Non-active verb: Tendency verb、Emotional verb、State verb、Preserving verb、Voluntary verb、Similar verb. Chapter III will present each category by example verbs. Chapter IV belongs to the Two-syllable verbs. According to the compound of meaning of Two-syllable verbs, it profiles Two-syllable verbs by four categories: Escaped polysyllabic verb、Synonymous polyphonic verb、Partially phoned verb and Antisense polysyllabic verb. Chapter IV will also present each one by example verbs. Chapter V probes to One-syllable verbs with respect to word quantity and word frequency by counting the number of occurrences and number of times. It also indicates the aspect of high, mid and low word frequency. Chapter VI is the conclusion at last. The writer sums up the result of verbs research and proposes the outlook of dimensions for future researches.第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………1 第一節 動詞判斷的標準………………………………………………1 第二節 里耶秦簡動詞的類型…………………………………………6 第二章《里耶(壹)》單音動詞彙釋：行為動詞……………………13 第三章《里耶(壹)》單音動詞彙釋：非行為動詞…………………95 第一節 趨止動詞………………………………………………………95 第二節 情感動詞………………………………………………………107 第三節 狀態動詞………………………………………………………108 第四節 存現動詞………………………………………………………109 第五節 能願動詞………………………………………………………113 第六節 類同動詞………………………………………………………116 第四章《里耶(壹)》複音動詞彙……………………………………121 第一節 變義複音動詞…………………………………………………121 第二節 同義複音動詞…………………………………………………143 第三節 偏義複音動詞與反義複音動詞………………………………149 第五章《里耶(壹)》動詞詞頻分析…………………………………155 第一節 詞量與詞頻統計………………………………………………155 第二節 詞頻區的劃分標準……………………………………………159 第三節 各頻詞區概貌與相關數據分析………………………………161 第六章 結論…………………………………………………………175 第一節 研究成果展現…………………………………………………175 第二節 未來研究展望…………………………………………………179 參考文獻………………………………………………………………18